Cando entered the lithium-ion era with the launch of a new battery-powered locomotive this fall. Their Li-Ion 2025 project transformed a standard diesel-electric locomotive by replacing the diesel prime mover with a bank of lithium-ion batteries and a sophisticated control system. The result is a zero-emission switching locomotive
They took an EMD GP15 and stripped it down to its frame. A tall high-visibility cab was added, with a standard control stand inside, together with a long and short hood. The fuel tank remains, but it is filled with concrete as ballast to increase traction.
The long hood houses the air compressor, a bank of batteries, power conversion equipment, climate control for the batteries, and the traction motor blowers. The short hood contains a toilet. The power conversion is essential to adjust the battery power for use with the standard DC traction motors, and the climate system maintains the batteries at their optimal operating temperature range.
Cando 2501, the switching railroad’s new battery-powered locomotive, is seen shortly after its rebuild in Winnipeg. Photo by Steve Boyko.
There are 12 batteries, each roughly the size of a Tesla car battery, with an adjacent empty rack for another dozen if needed. The liquid-cooled batteries are certified for underground mining operations, with built-in fire suppression, and are mounted in isolation dampers. The custom control system manages the batteries, power conversion, and temperature controls.
The locomotive is optimized for the type of operations that Cando performs at its many switching contracts – low-speed, intermittent switching work. It is not designed for high-speed, main-line operation.
Charging is accomplished through one of two methods. The long hood houses a cable for connecting to 100A “shore power” to recharge the batteries, while the top of the long hood features a receiver for an overhead 800A high-speed charger, similar to what an electric bus uses. Cando envisions the locomotive operating continuously, with opportunistic charging taking place when the crew takes a break or between assignments. It does not use regenerative braking, as they believe it is inefficient at low speeds and would add unnecessary complexity locomotive.
One key design requirement was to use as many standard locomotive parts as possible for easier maintenance. From the frame down, it is a standard GP15 locomotive. This project received $2 million in funding from Emissions Reduction Alberta, and the total estimated cost of the project was $4 million.
—Steve Boyko
